PHP: imagecopymerge - Manual

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Last updated: Fri, 26 Jan 2007

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# imagecopymerge

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5)

imagecopymerge -- Copy and merge part of an image

## Описание

bool imagecopymerge ( resource dst_im, resource src_im, int dst_x, int dst_y, int src_x, int src_y, int src_w, int src_h, int pct )

Copy a part of `src_im` onto `dst_im` starting at the x,y coordinates `src_x`, `src_y` with a width of `src_w` and a height of `src_h`. The portion defined will be copied onto the x,y coordinates, `dst_x` and `dst_y`.

## Список параметров

`dst_im`

  Destination image link resource

`src_im`

  Source image link resource

`dst_x`

  x-coordinate of destination point

`dst_y`

  y-coordinate of destination point

`src_x`

  x-coordinate of source point

`src_y`

  y-coordinate of source point

`src_w`

  Source width

`src_h`

  Source height

`pct`

  The two images will be merged according to `pct` which can range from 0 to 100. When `pct` = 0, no action is taken, when 100 this function behaves identically to imagecopy() for pallete images, while it implements alpha transparency for true colour images.

## Возвращаемые значения

Возвращает `TRUE` в случае успешного завершения или `FALSE` в случае возникновения ошибки.

add a note User Contributed Notes
imagecopymerge
jay at zylex dot net dot nz
24-Feb-2007 03:45
`Hi
i wrote this script to add a watermark image into the bottom right a larger image. Its very basic i know but its all i need for now. It also is an easy function for noobs to grasp. It just takes an two image types as arguments
for example
$image = imagecreatefromjpeg("FILELOCATION");
$insert = imagecreatefrompng("WATERMARKFILELOCATION");
$image = image_overlap($image, $insert);
function image_overlap($background, $foreground){
$insertWidth = imagesx($foreground);
$insertHeight = imagesy($foreground);
$imageWidth = imagesx($background);
$imageHeight = imagesy($background);
$overlapX = $imageWidth-$insertWidth-5;
$overlapY = $imageHeight-$insertHeight-5;
imagecolortransparent($foreground,
imagecolorat($foreground,0,0)); imagecopymerge($background,$foreground,
$overlapX,$overlapY,0,0,$insertWidth,$insertHeight,100); return $background;
}
It doesnt smooth the edges between the two images but it works easily.`
jylyn at hotmail dot com
22-Feb-2006 01:49
`A few corrections to the code supplied by nick at prient:
$iTemplate should be $iBackground
$iWorking should be $iSource
After fixing those two I found the script really useful, thanks!`
nick at prient dot co dot uk
01-Nov-2005 02:15
`Task: Rotate a large image, then reduce it in size and place it on a small background (i.e. as an Inset).
Problem: If you resize the image first, the rotation becomes hugely aliased... So, it makes sense to rotate it first, then shrink it.
Unfortunately, when you resample the image, you lose the background color (at least, some of it may change), so you can no longer set transparancy as you require. If instead you resize the image (rather than resample), again, the aliasing looks bad.
Solution: Resize the background - make it bigger. Then add the original (large) inset, and resize the whole thing back to normal.
<?php
/* We will shrink the inset to 25% */
$resizePercentage = 0.25;
/* Load a source image and a background */
$iSource = ImageCreateFromJpeg($source_file);
$iBackground = ImageCreateFromJpeg($background_file);
/* Do something here, such a rotate, skew etc */
...
/* Assume $iSource is still the image we want to insert onto the background */
/* Set the background color to be transparent */
$cBackground = ImageColorClosest($iSource, 255, 0, 255);
ImageColorTransparent($iSource, $cBackground);
/* Resize the background - make it huge */
$iBackground = ImageResize($iTemplate, ImageSX($iBackground ) / $resizePercentage, ImageSY($iBackground ) / $resizePercentage);
/* Place the image on the background - all full size, so no aliasing issues */
ImageCopyMerge($iBackground , $iSource,
((ImageSX($iBackground ) - ImageSX($iSource)) / 2),
((ImageSY($iBackground ) - ImageSY($iSource)) / 2) - 25, 0, 0, ImageSX($iWorking), ImageSY($iSource), 100);
/* Shrink the combined image... no issues with transparancy! */
$iBackground = ImageResize($iTemplate, ImageSX($iBackground ) * $resizePercentage, ImageSY($iBackground ) * $resizePercentage);
/* Output the image as a PNG */
header("Content-Type: image/png");
ImagePng($iBackground);
exit();
function ImageResize($pImage, $t_width, $t_height) {
// Target image
$iCanvas = @ImageCreateTrueColor($t_width, $t_height);
// Source dimensions
$s_width = ImageSX($pImage);
$s_height = ImageSY($pImage);
// Copy image
ImageCopyResampled($iCanvas, $pImage, 0, 0, 0, 0, $t_width, $t_height, $s_width, $s_height);
// Return image
return $iCanvas;
}
?>`
Ascent [at] WebAQ.com
24-May-2005 02:41
`First you need make 0~9 gif format images and background image.
<?php
/*
make random image number check
20050524 by ascent WebAQ.com
*/
$rands = rand(1000,9999);
session_start();
$_SESSION['random_image_number_check'] = $rands;
$bg = './random_image_bg.jpg';
$numimgp = './random_image_number_%d.gif';
$numimg1 = sprintf($numimgp,substr($rands,0,1));
$numimg2 = sprintf($numimgp,substr($rands,1,1));
$numimg3 = sprintf($numimgp,substr($rands,2,1));
$numimg4 = sprintf($numimgp,substr($rands,3,1));
$ys1 = rand(-4,4);
$ys2 = rand(-4,4);
$ys3 = rand(-4,4);
$ys4 = rand(-4,4);
$bgImg = imageCreateFromJPEG($bg);
$nmImg1 = imageCreateFromGIF($numimg1);
$nmImg2 = imageCreateFromGIF($numimg2);
$nmImg3 = imageCreateFromGIF($numimg3);
$nmImg4 = imageCreateFromGIF($numimg4);
imageCopyMerge($bgImg, $nmImg1, 10, $ys1, 0, 0, 20, 30, 50);
imageCopyMerge($bgImg, $nmImg2, 30, $ys2, 0, 0, 20, 30, 50);
imageCopyMerge($bgImg, $nmImg3, 50, $ys3, 0, 0, 20, 30, 50);
imageCopyMerge($bgImg, $nmImg4, 70, $ys4, 0, 0, 20, 30, 50);
header("Content-type: image/jpg");
ImageJPEG($bgImg,"",100);
imagedestroy($bgImg);
imagedestroy($nmImg1);
imagedestroy($nmImg2);
imagedestroy($nmImg3);
imagedestroy($nmImg4);
?>
enjoy!`
Steve
23-May-2005 11:03
`Building upon backglancer's and stefan's posts below, the following script will lay a 24-bit PNG watermark over any image.
To prepare a 24-bit watermark, I recommend creating a white logo or text over a transparent background in Photoshop. Save this as a 24-bit PNG via 'Save for the Web...'. Be sure to set the transparency of the logo layer in Photoshop itself. 30-40% is a good setting.
Once the assets are prepared, throw the full or relative server paths at the watermark function below:
/******************************************************************/
function watermark($sourcefile, $watermarkfile) {
#
# $sourcefile = Filename of the picture to be watermarked.
# $watermarkfile = Filename of the 24-bit PNG watermark file.
#
//Get the resource ids of the pictures
$watermarkfile_id = imagecreatefrompng($watermarkfile);
imageAlphaBlending($watermarkfile_id, false);
imageSaveAlpha($watermarkfile_id, true);
$fileType = strtolower(substr($sourcefile, strlen($sourcefile)-3));
switch($fileType) {
case('gif'):
$sourcefile_id = imagecreatefromgif($sourcefile);
break;
case('png'):
$sourcefile_id = imagecreatefrompng($sourcefile);
break;
default:
$sourcefile_id = imagecreatefromjpeg($sourcefile);
}
//Get the sizes of both pix
$sourcefile_width=imageSX($sourcefile_id);
$sourcefile_height=imageSY($sourcefile_id);
$watermarkfile_width=imageSX($watermarkfile_id);
$watermarkfile_height=imageSY($watermarkfile_id);
$dest_x = ( $sourcefile_width / 2 ) - ( $watermarkfile_width / 2 );
$dest_y = ( $sourcefile_height / 2 ) - ( $watermarkfile_height / 2 );
// if a gif, we have to upsample it to a truecolor image
if($fileType == 'gif') {
// create an empty truecolor container
$tempimage = imagecreatetruecolor($sourcefile_width,
$sourcefile_height);
// copy the 8-bit gif into the truecolor image
imagecopy($tempimage, $sourcefile_id, 0, 0, 0, 0,
$sourcefile_width, $sourcefile_height);
// copy the source_id int
$sourcefile_id = $tempimage;
}
imagecopy($sourcefile_id, $watermarkfile_id, $dest_x, $dest_y, 0, 0,
$watermarkfile_width, $watermarkfile_height);
//Create a jpeg out of the modified picture
switch($fileType) {
// remember we don't need gif any more, so we use only png or jpeg.
// See the upsaple code immediately above to see how we handle gifs
case('png'):
header("Content-type: image/png");
imagepng ($sourcefile_id);
break;
default:
header("Content-type: image/jpg");
imagejpeg ($sourcefile_id);
}
imagedestroy($sourcefile_id);
imagedestroy($watermarkfile_id);
}`
backglancer in the hotmail
17-May-2005 02:44
`I was about to kill myself....
any one of you trying to merge a SEMI transparent png...
use imagecopy :)
<?
$flag = imagecreatefrompng('flags/images/flagWhiteFill.png');
$mask = imagecreatefrompng('flags/images/flag_transparent.png');
imagealphablending($flag, 1);
imagealphablending($mask, 1);
imagecopy($flag, $mask, 0,0,0,0,25,43);
Header("Content-type: image/jpeg");
imagepng($flag);
?>
ImageSaveAlpha(resource, bool); made the transparent color - not transparent... dunno why :)`
barbarina_sv at libero dot it
17-May-2005 01:55
`I needed to draw a "pointer" image over a map, but had some problems with png image transparency.
So I created a png image with white background (not transparent) and merged it on my map, after defining white color as transparent:
<?php
$src_file = 'source.jpg';
list($src_w, $src_h, $src_t, $src_a) = getimagesize($src_file);
$ptr_file = 'pointer.png'; // must have no transparency, but white background
list($ptr_w, $ptr_h, $ptr_t, $ptr_a) = getimagesize($ptr_file);
// destination image dimensions:
$dst_w = 400;
$dst_h = 200;
// pointer position:
$ptr_x = 195;
$ptr_y = 70;
$srcImage = imageCreateFromJpeg($src_file) or die ('failed imageCreateFromJpg');
$dstImage = imageCreateTrueColor($dst_w, $dst_h) or die ('failed imageCreateTrueColor');
imageCopyResampled($dstImage, $srcImage, 0, 0, 0, 0, $dst_w, $dst_h, $src_w, $src_h) or die ('failed imageCopyResampled');
$ptrImage = imageCreateFromPng($ptr_file) or die ('failed imageCreateFromPng');
$ptr_white = imageColorAllocate($ptrImage,255,255,255);
imageColorTransparent($ptrImage,$ptr_white);
imageCopyMerge($dstImage, $ptrImage, $ptr_x, $ptr_y, 0, 0, $ptr_w, $ptr_h, 100) or die ('failed imageCopyMerge');
imageJpeg($dstImage,'',100) or die ('failed imageJpeg');
imageDestroy($srcImage) or die ('failed imageDestroy(1)');
imageDestroy($dstImage) or die ('failed imageDestroy(2)');
imageDestroy($ptrImage) or die ('failed imageDestroy(3)');
?>`
ingrid
04-Apr-2005 02:16
`I found on the internet about a thousand copies of this "imageCopyMerge" script of Stefan.
Most of them had a copyright notice of the copyist added, but none of them had added what a starting user of PHP scripting really needs: The lines to be used in a HTML page, where the result of the script will be visible:
<?php
$sourcefile = "ORIGFILE.jpg";
$insertfile = "watermark.jpg";
$targetfile = "foto.jpg";
$transition = 30;
$pos=7;
require("watermark.php");
mergePix($sourcefile, $insertfile, $targetfile, $pos, $transition);
echo "<img src=\"$targetfile\">";
?>
I was so lucky to get these lines from someone on the internet, after I posted my question all over the world.
Most other people that replied, referred to the bookstore. But I had first read halve the (this) PHP manual, and had not found it.
Just a suggestion, but I know it will help many people getting started with PHP: When you put your scripts here, why not add those few lines needed to incorporate it into a HTML page?`
jtacon at php dot net
14-Dec-2004 05:36
`This example shows how to use imageCopyMerge to create a water mark function with four random positions (the corners).
<?php
function waterMark($fileInHD, $wmFile, $transparency = 50, $jpegQuality = 90, $margin = 5) {
$wmImg = imageCreateFromGIF($wmFile);
$jpegImg = imageCreateFromJPEG($fileInHD);
// Water mark random position
$wmX = (bool)rand(0,1) ? $margin : (imageSX($jpegImg) - imageSX($wmImg)) - $margin;
$wmY = (bool)rand(0,1) ? $margin : (imageSY($jpegImg) - imageSY($wmImg)) - $margin;
// Water mark process
imageCopyMerge($jpegImg, $wmImg, $wmX, $wmY, 0, 0, imageSX($wmImg), imageSY($wmImg), $transparency);
// Overwriting image
ImageJPEG($jpegImg, $fileInHD, $jpegQuality);
}
waterMark('myImage.jpg','waterMark.gif');
?>
HTH.
Javier Tac�n.`
claudio dot gaetani at gdldesign dot it
09-May-2004 11:04
`This function is intended to serve as an example for the "imageCopyMerge"-"ImageCopyResized", "ImageColorTransparent" functions.
I hope it will help.
This function pick an image, square cut it resampled at the size requested and finishing merge the result with another one to obtain a circular image result. I have a problem to obtain an thumbnail that respect the colors and at the same time where cutted in a circular form, I hope this solution can gives you a clue to obtain a free form images, I use this one also to create multicutted images.
<?php
$generalsrc="$image"; //the image to resample, resize and iconaize
$final_thumbwidth ="125";
$final_thumbheight ="125";
$abc = imagecreatefromjpeg("$generalsrc");
$def = imagecreatetruecolor($final_thumbwidth, $final_thumbheight);
$src_mx = round((imagesx($abc) / 2)-"0.1"); // middle x point of the image
$src_my = round((imagesy($abc) / 2)-"0.1"); // middle y point of the image
$src_x = ($src_mx * 2);
$src_y = ($src_my * 2);
$src_sq = ($src_x >= $src_y)?$src_y:$src_x; //used to define the best size for a square cut of the image
$pl = ($src_x >= $src_y)?"1":"2"; //define if the image is portait or landscape
$strt_pntx = ($pl=="1")?round(($src_my / 2)-"0. 1"):"0"; //defines the x start point
$strt_pnty = ($pl=="2")?round(($src_mx / 2)-"0. 1"):"0"; //defines the y start point
imagecopyresized($def, $abc, 0, 0, $strt_pntx, $strt_pnty, $final_thumbwidth, $final_thumbheight, $src_sq, $src_sq);
$overlay_img = imagecreatefromPNG("circle_125.png"); //NOTE use png for this
$src_w = "ImageSX($overlay_img)";
$src_h = "ImageSY($overlay_img)";
$can_img = imagecreatetruecolor($src_w, $src_h);
$black = ImageColorAllocate ($overlay_img, 0, 0, 0);
ImageColorTransparent($overlay_img , $black);
imagecopy($can_img, $def, 0,0,0,0, $src_w, $src_h);
imagecopymerge($can_img, $overlay_img , 0,0,0,0, ImageSX($overlay_img), ImageSY($overlay_img),100); //Imagecopy won't work, you must used imagecopymerge
ImageJPEG($can_img,"merge_$generalsrc",100);
imagedestroy($overlay_img);
imagedestroy($can_img);
ImageDestroy($abc);
ImageDestroy($def);
print "<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>test</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
original:<hr><img src=\"$generalsrc\" width=\"300\"><br><br><br>new:<hr><img src=\"merge_$generalsrc\">
<br>width = $src_x
<br>height = $src_y
<br>mdlw = $src_mx
<br>mdlh = $src_my
<br>sqr = $src_sq
<br>pl = $pl
<br>start point x = $strt_pntx
<br>start point y = $strt_pnty
</BODY></HTML>";
?>`
bjorn AT smokingmedia DOT com
26-May-2003 11:10
`in addition to stefan's posting:
i found that if you use imagecopymerge with png-24 files with an alpha channel, it doesn't work use imagecopy instead.
it seems that imagecopymerge doesn't respect the alpha channel the way it should (a bug??).
some sample code here to place an image (image.png) on a backgroundcolor or backgroundimage.
<?php
$im = "image.png";
$bg = "ffddee"; // hex representation of the color (i.e. #ffffff for white)
$out = "png"; // or "jpg" for jpg file output
// $backgroundfile = ""; // optional backgroundfile if you don't want to use a color
//
// function to convert hex colorcode to decimal
//
function colordecode($hex){
$code[r] = hexdec(substr($hex, 0 ,2));
$code[g] = hexdec(substr($hex, 2 ,2));
$code[b] = hexdec(substr($hex, 4 ,2));
return $code;
} // end func colordecode
// create the resource id
$image_id = imageCreateFromPNG($im);
// get image size
$im_X = ImageSX($image_id);
$im_Y = ImageSY($image_id);
// create a truecolor background image of the right size
// or use a background image like this
// $backgroundimage = imageCreateFromPNG($backgroundfile);
$backgroundimage = imagecreatetruecolor($im_X, $im_Y);
// get the desired backgroundcolor:
// don't use this if you want to use a background image
$code = colordecode($bg);
$backgroundcolor = ImageColorAllocate($backgroundimage, $code[r], $code[g], $code[b]);
ImageFilledRectangle($backgroundimage, 0, 0, $im_X, $im_Y, $backgroundcolor);
// merge the two together with alphablending on!
ImageAlphaBlending($backgroundimage, true);
imagecopy($backgroundimage, $image_id, 0, 0, 0, 0, $im_X, $im_Y);
// output the image:
if($output == "jpg"){
Header( "Content-type: image/jpeg");
ImageJPEG($backgroundimage);
}
else{
Header( "Content-type: image/png");
ImagePNG($backgroundimage);
}
// destroy the memory
ImageDestroy($backgroundimage);
ImageDestroy($image_id);
?>`
feisty at feistyenterprises dot com
06-Nov-2002 12:15
`Yep, that worked a charm.
Since imageCopyMergeGray() is identical, it works just as well for that.
If you want to convert an image to greyscale, use imageCopyMergeGray() with the same image as source and destination, set the pict to 0, et voila!`
jonny at sanriowasteland dot net
29-Sep-2002 05:36
`If you need to merge 2 png's (or presumably 2 gifs) with different color palettes, I have found this is the function to use. Just set pct to 99, and you are rocking. With pct set to 100, or imagecopy for that matter, the palette seems to go wonky. (It probably just uses the palette of the source image. but don't quote me on that).`
stefan dot wehowsky at profilschmiede dot de
26-Jul-2001 09:32
`This function is intended to serve as an example for the "imageCopyMerge"-function.
I hope it will help some of the less experienced php-coders here.
I wrote it to mark objects of a real estate broker as "sold" by copying the "sold"-picture right into the picture of the house.
<?php
//$sourcefile = Filename of the picture into that $insertfile will be inserted.
//$insertfile = Filename of the picture that is to be inserted into $sourcefile.
//$targetfile = Filename of the modified picture.
//$transition = Intensity of the transition (in percent)
//$pos = Position where $insertfile will be inserted in $sourcefile
// 0 = middle
// 1 = top left
// 2 = top right
// 3 = bottom right
// 4 = bottom left
// 5 = top middle
// 6 = middle right
// 7 = bottom middle
// 8 = middle left
//
//
function mergePix($sourcefile,$insertfile, $targetfile, $pos=0,$transition=50)
{
//Get the resource id�s of the pictures
$insertfile_id = imageCreateFromJPEG($insertfile);
$sourcefile_id = imageCreateFromJPEG($sourcefile);
//Get the sizes of both pix
$sourcefile_width=imageSX($sourcefile_id);
$sourcefile_height=imageSY($sourcefile_id);
$insertfile_width=imageSX($insertfile_id);
$insertfile_height=imageSY($insertfile_id);
//middle
if( $pos == 0 )
{
$dest_x = ( $sourcefile_width / 2 ) - ( $insertfile_width / 2 );
$dest_y = ( $sourcefile_height / 2 ) - ( $insertfile_height / 2 );
}
//top left
if( $pos == 1 )
{
$dest_x = 0;
$dest_y = 0;
}
//top right
if( $pos == 2 )
{
$dest_x = $sourcefile_width - $insertfile_width;
$dest_y = 0;
}
//bottom right
if( $pos == 3 )
{
$dest_x = $sourcefile_width - $insertfile_width;
$dest_y = $sourcefile_height - $insertfile_height;
}
//bottom left
if( $pos == 4 )
{
$dest_x = 0;
$dest_y = $sourcefile_height - $insertfile_height;
}
//top middle
if( $pos == 5 )
{
$dest_x = ( ( $sourcefile_width - $insertfile_width ) / 2 );
$dest_y = 0;
}
//middle right
if( $pos == 6 )
{
$dest_x = $sourcefile_width - $insertfile_width;
$dest_y = ( $sourcefile_height / 2 ) - ( $insertfile_height / 2 );
}
//bottom middle
if( $pos == 7 )
{
$dest_x = ( ( $sourcefile_width - $insertfile_width ) / 2 );
$dest_y = $sourcefile_height - $insertfile_height;
}
//middle left
if( $pos == 8 )
{
$dest_x = 0;
$dest_y = ( $sourcefile_height / 2 ) - ( $insertfile_height / 2 );
}
//The main thing : merge the two pix
imageCopyMerge($sourcefile_id, $insertfile_id,$dest_x,$dest_y,0,0,$insertfile_width,$insertfile_height,$transition);
//Create a jpeg out of the modified picture
imagejpeg ($sourcefile_id,"$targetfile");
}`
add a note
imagecopymergegray imagecopy

Last updated: Fri, 26 Jan 2007
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