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Last updated: Sat, 27 Jan 2007

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# array_map

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.6, PHP 5)

array_map -- Применить функцию обратного вызова ко всем элементам указанных массивов

## Описание

array array_map ( mixed callback, array array1 [, array array2...] )

Функция array_map() возвращает массив, содержащий элементы всех указанных массивов после их обработки функцией обратного вызова. Количество параметров, передаваемых функции обратного вызова, должно совпадать с количеством массивов, переданным функции array_map().

Пример 1. Пример использования array_map()

`function cube($n) {
return $n*$n*$n;
}
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$b = array_map("cube", $a);
print_r($b);`

В результате переменная `$b` будет содержать:

    Array
    (
        [0] => 1
        [1] => 8
        [2] => 27
        [3] => 64
        [4] => 125
    )

Пример 2. Пример использования array_map(): обработка нескольких массивов

`function show_Spanish($n, $m) {
return "Число $n по-испански - $m";
}
function map_Spanish($n, $m) {
return array ($n => $m);
}
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$b = array("uno", "dos", "tres", "cuatro", "cinco");
$c = array_map("show_Spanish", $a, $b);
print_r($c);
$d = array_map("map_Spanish", $a , $b);
print_r($d);`

Результат выполнения:

    // printout of $c
    Array
    (
        [0] => Число 1 по-испански -  uno
        [1] => Число 2 по-испански -  dos
        [2] => Число 3 по-испански -  tres
        [3] => Число 4 по-испански -  cuatro
        [4] => Число 5 по-испански -  cinco
    )

    // printout of $d
    Array
    (
        [0] => Array
            (
                [1] => uno
            )

        [1] => Array
            (
                [2] => dos
            )

        [2] => Array
            (
                [3] => tres
            )

        [3] => Array
            (
                [4] => cuatro
            )

        [4] => Array
            (
                [5] => cinco
            )

    )

Обычно при обработке двух или более массивов, они имею одинаковую длину, так как функция обратного вызова применяется параллельно к соответствующим элементам массивов. Если массивы имеют различную длину, самый маленький из них дополняется элементами с пустыми значениями.

Интересным эффектом при использовании этой функции является создание массива массивов, что может быть достигнуто путем использования значения `NULL` в качестве имени функции обратного вызова.

Пример 3. Создание массива массивов

`$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5); $b = array("one", "two", "three", "four", "five"); $c = array("uno", "dos", "tres", "cuatro", "cinco"); $d = array_map(null, $a, $b, $c); print_r($d);`

Результатом выполнения вышеприведенной программы будет:

    Array
    (
        [0] => Array
            (
                [0] => 1
                [1] => one
                [2] => uno
            )

        [1] => Array
            (
                [0] => 2
                [1] => two
                [2] => dos
            )

        [2] => Array
            (
                [0] => 3
                [1] => three
                [2] => tres
            )

        [3] => Array
            (
                [0] => 4
                [1] => four
                [2] => cuatro
            )

        [4] => Array
            (
                [0] => 5
                [1] => five
                [2] => cinco
            )

    )

См.также array_filter() и array_reduce().

add a note User Contributed Notes
array_map
andref dot dias at pronus dot eng dot br
24-Oct-2006 12:14
`A recursive way to handle multidimensional arrays:
<?php
function multidimensionalArrayMap( $func, $arr )
{
$newArr = array();
foreach( $arr as $key => $value )
{
$newArr[ $key ] = ( is_array( $value ) ? multidimensionalArrayMap( $func, $value ) : $func( $value ) );
}
return $newArr;
}
?>`
pcdinh at phpvietnam dot net
17-Mar-2006 08:50
`Hi benjaminhill,
You can apply a method of a instantiated class to array_maps as follows:
class Maths {
function addOne($input) {
return ($input + 1);
}
}
$maths = new Maths();
$sum = array_map(array($maths, \\\'addOne\\\'), array(1, 2));
// where $maths is the object which has been instantiated before and addOne is its method without its own parameters
var_dump($sum);
The code fragment will return:
array
0 => 2
1 => 3
However, I love a syntax like this:
$sum = array_map($maths->addOne($this), array(1, 2));
where $this should be interpreted as each values extracted from the subsequent array, which in this case is array(1, 2).
This syntax reminds me of Javascript syntax.
PHP\\\'s callback mechanism should be improved.`
26-Aug-2005 06:57
`Here's a function, very helpfull to me, that allows you to map your callback on mixed args.
<?php
function array_smart_map($callback) {
// Initialization
$args = func_get_args() ;
array_shift($args) ; // suppressing the callback
$result = array() ;
// Validating parameters
foreach($args as $key => $arg)
if(is_array($arg)) {
// the first array found gives the size of mapping and the keys that will be used for the resulting array
if(!isset($size)) {
$keys = array_keys($arg) ;
$size = count($arg) ;
// the others arrays must have the same dimension
} elseif(count($arg) != $size) {
return FALSE ;
}
// all keys are suppressed
$args[$key] = array_values($arg) ;
}
// doing the callback thing
if(!isset($size))
// if no arrays were found, returns the result of the callback in an array
$result[] = call_user_func_array($callback, $args) ;
else
for($i=0; $i<$size; $i++) {
$column = array() ;
foreach($args as $arg)
$column[] = ( is_array($arg) ? $arg[$i] : $arg ) ;
$result[$keys[$i]] = call_user_func_array($callback, $column) ;
}
return $result ;
}
?>
Trying with :
<?php
// $_GET is ?foo=bar1-bar2-bar3&bar=foo1
print_r(array_smart_map('explode', '-', $_GET)) ;
?>
Returns :
array(
[foo] => array(
0 => bar1
1 => bar2
2 => bar3
)
[bar] => array(
1 => foo1
)
)`
david dot tulloh at infaze dot com dot au
06-Jul-2005 04:53
`You can pass values to array_map by reference, essentially allowing you to use it as you would array_walk with multiple arrays as parameters.
A trivial example:
<?php
$a = array(1,2,3,4,5);
$add_func = create_function('&$x, $y', '$x+=$y;');
array_map($add_func, $a, $a);
print_r($a);
?>
Array
(
[0] => 2
[1] => 4
[2] => 6
[3] => 8
[4] => 10
)`
Vinicius Cubas Brand
23-Mar-2005 05:31
`The following function does exaclty the same thing of array_map. However, maintains the same index of the input arrays
<?php
function array_map_keys($param1,$param2,$param3=NULL)
{
$res = array();
if ($param3 !== NULL)
{
foreach(array(2,3) as $p_name)
{
if (!is_array(${'param'.$p_name}))
{
trigger_error(__FUNCTION__.'(): Argument #'.$p_name.' should be an array',E_USER_WARNING);
return;
}
}
foreach($param2 as $key => $val)
{
$res[$key] = call_user_func($param1,$param2[$key],$param3[$key]);
}
}
else
{
if (!is_array($param2))
{
trigger_error(__FUNCTION__.'(): Argument #2 should be an array',E_USER_WARNING);
return;
}
foreach($param2 as $key => $val)
{
$res[$key] = call_user_func($param1,$param2[$key]);
}
}
return $res;
}
?>
For instance:
<?php
$arr1 = array(
'3' => 'a',
'4' => 'b',
'5' => 'c'
);
$arr2 = array(
'3' => 'd',
'4' => 'e',
'5' => 'f'
);
$arr3 = array_map_keys(create_function('$a,$b','return $a.$b;'),$arr1,$arr2);
print_r($arr3);
?>
The result will be:
Array
(
[3] => ad
[4] => be
[5] => cf
)`
endofyourself at yahoo dot com
19-Feb-2005 11:29
`If you need to call a static method from array_map, this will NOT work:
<?PHP
array_map('myclass::myMethod' , $value);
?>
Instead, you need to do this:
<?PHP
array_map( array('myclass','myMethod') , $value);
?>
It is helpful to remember that this will work with any PHP function which expects a callback argument.`
nd0 at gmx dot de
02-Jul-2004 04:42
`array_map works also fine with create_function:
<?php
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$b = array_map(create_function('$n', 'return $n*$n*$n;'), $a);
print_r($b);
?>
if you want to manipulate the elements of the array, instead to on a copy,
than take a look at array_walk:
<?php
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
array_walk($a, create_function('&$n', '$n = $n*$n*$n;'));
print_r($a);
?>
The Result of both is:
Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 8
[2] => 27
[3] => 64
[4] => 125
)`
bishop
09-Apr-2004 05:07
`Occasionally, you may find that you need to pull out a column (or several) from an array. Here's a map-like function to do that:
<?php
function &array_shear(&$arrays, $idx1 /* ... */) {
$indexes = func_get_args();
array_shift($indexes);
$newArrays = array ();
foreach (array_keys($arrays) as $arrayKey) {
$newArray = array ();
foreach ($indexes as $index) {
$newArray[$index] = $arrays[$arrayKey][$index];
unset($arrays[$arrayKey][$index]);
}
$newArrays[$arrayKey] = $newArray;
}
return $newArrays;
}
?>
So, doing this:
<?php
$t1 = array (
2 => array ('a', 'b', 'c'),
1 => array ('d', 'e', 'f'),
5 => array ('g', 'h', 'i'),
);
$t2 = array_shear($t1, 1, 0);
?>
will result in:
<?php
$t1 = array (
2 => array ( 2 => 'c', ),
1 => array ( 2 => 'f', ),
5 => array ( 2 => 'i', ),
);
$t2 = array (
2 => array ( 1 => 'b', 0 => 'a', ),
1 => array ( 1 => 'e', 0 => 'd', ),
5 => array ( 1 => 'h', 0 => 'g', ),
);
?>`
stephen at mu dot com dot au
06-Jan-2003 10:02
`A note when doing something allong the lines of:
<?php
class foo {
var $var;
function bar() {
array_map(array($this, "baz"), array(1,2,3));
}
function baz($arg) {
$this->var = $this->var + $arg;
}
}
?>
This will *not* work as expected. You need to pass $this by reference as with:
array_map(array(&$this, "baz"), array(1,2,3));
or you'll be making a copy of the object each time, changing a value, then throwing the result away.`
dan at mojavelinux dot com
14-Jun-2002 10:07
`Here is a better, more true version of a deep array_map. The only negative of this function is that the array is passed by reference, so just be aware of that. (patches welcome)
<?php
function array_map_deep(&$in_array, $in_func, $in_args = array(), $in_index = 1) {
// fix people from messing up the index of the value
if ($in_index < 1) {
$in_index = 1;
}
foreach (array_keys($in_array) as $key) {
// we need a reference, not a copy, normal foreach won't do
$value =& $in_array[$key];
// we need to copy args because we are doing
// manipulation on it farther down
$args = $in_args;
if (is_array($value)) {
array_map_deep($value, $in_func, $in_args, $in_index);
}
else {
array_splice($args, $in_index - 1, $in_index - 1, $value);
$value = call_user_func_array($in_func, $args);
}
}
return $in_array;
}
?>
This is a neat function because you can pass an array, a function, and an array of parameters, and finally, and index of where in the array of parameters for the callback function the contents you are mapping should get replaced. This index is human based (starts at 1), and can be used in something like a preg_replace callback, where the contents must be the 3rd index. Enjoy!`
add a note
array_merge_recursive array_keys

Last updated: Sat, 27 Jan 2007
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