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Last updated: Sat, 27 Jan 2007

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# ip2long

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

ip2long -- Converts a string containing an (IPv4) Internet Protocol dotted address into a proper address

## Description

int ip2long ( string ip_address )

The function ip2long() generates an IPv4 Internet network address from its Internet standard format (dotted string) representation. If `ip_address` is invalid then `-1` is returned. Note that `-1` does not evaluate as `FALSE` in PHP.

> Замечание: As of PHP 5.0.0 ip2long() returns `FALSE` when `ip_address` is invalid.

Пример 1. ip2long() Example

`<?php
$ip = gethostbyname('www.example.com');
$out = "The following URLs are equivalent:<br />\n";
$out .= 'http://www.example.com/, http://' . $ip . '/, and http://' . sprintf("%u", ip2long($ip)) . "/<br />\n";
echo $out;
?>`

> Замечание: Because PHP's integer type is signed, and many IP addresses will result in negative integers, you need to use the "%u" formatter of sprintf() or printf() to get the string representation of the unsigned IP address.

This second example shows how to print a converted address with the printf() function in both PHP 4 and PHP 5:

Пример 2. Displaying an IP address

`<?php
$ip = gethostbyname('www.example.com');
$long = ip2long($ip);
if ($long == -1 || $long === FALSE) {
echo 'Invalid IP, please try again';
} else {
echo $ip . "\n"; // 192.0.34.166
echo $long . "\n"; // -1073732954
printf("%u\n", ip2long($ip)); // 3221234342
}
?>`

ip2long() should not be used as the sole form of IP validation. Combine it with long2ip():

Пример 3. IP validation

`<?php
// make sure IPs are valid. also converts a non-complete IP into
// a proper dotted quad as explained below.
$ip = long2ip(ip2long("127.0.0.1")); // "127.0.0.1"
$ip = long2ip(ip2long("10.0.0")); // "10.0.0.0"
$ip = long2ip(ip2long("10.0.256")); // "10.0.1.0"
?>`

ip2long() will also work with non-complete IP addresses. Read http://publibn.boulder.ibm.com/doc_link/en_US/a_doc_lib/libs/commtrf2/inet_addr.htm for more info.

> Замечание: ip2long() will return `FALSE` for the IP `255.255.255.255` in PHP 5 <= 5.0.2. It was fixed in PHP 5.0.3 where it returns `-1` (same as PHP 4).

See also long2ip() and sprintf().

add a note User Contributed Notes
ip2long
laacz at php dot net
16-Feb-2007 01:06
`Just to save you some time.
Beware that octets in IP address are being treated as numbers. So, '10.0.0.11' is not equal to '10.0.0.011'. '011' is octal number (base 8), so it converts to '9'. You can even go further and see that '10.0.0.0xa' also works (equals to '10.0.0.16').
This is not PHP issue, though.`
samb057 at gmail dot com
26-Dec-2006 12:37
`Convert an ipv6 address to an base 10 integer
function ip2long6($ip)
{
if (substr_count($ip, '::'))
{
$ip = str_replace('::', str_repeat(':0000', 8 - substr_count($ip, ':')) . ':', $ip) ;
}
$ip = explode(':', $ip) ;
$r_ip = '' ;
foreach ($ip as $v)
{
$r_ip .= str_pad(base_convert($v, 16, 2), 16, 0, STR_PAD_LEFT) ;
}
return base_convert($r_ip, 2, 10) ;
}`
samb057 at gmail dot com
26-Dec-2006 12:20
`Here's a simple IP address match checking function.
It takes 3 arguments: ip address to check (after ip2long), ip address to check against (after ip2long), and mask to check against (integer 0-32).
Just make sure you perform ip2long on the ip addresses before inputting them to the function.
function match_ip($check_ip, $match_ip, $match_mask = 32)
{
for ($i = 0 ; $i < $match_mask ; $i++)
{
$n = pow(2, 31 - $i) ;
if (($n & $check_ip) != ($n & $match_ip))
{
return FALSE ;
}
}
return TRUE ;
}
I've been looking for a function like this for a while, i hope it helps someone.`
Ian B
24-Dec-2006 04:22
`NOTE: ip2long() should NOT be used for CIDR calculation.
Instead, you should use something like the following:
<?php
/* get the base and the bits from the ban in the database */
list($base, $bits) = explode('/', $CIDR);
/* now split it up into it's classes */
list($a, $b, $c, $d) = explode('.', $base);
/* now do some bit shfiting/switching to convert to ints */
$i = ($a << 24) + ($b << 16) + ($c << 8) + $d;
$mask = $bits == 0 ? 0 : (~0 << (32 - $bits));
/* here's our lowest int */
$low = $i & $mask;
/* here's our highest int */
$high = $i | (~$mask & 0xFFFFFFFF);
/* now split the ip were checking against up into classes */
list($a, $b, $c, $d) = explode('.', $iptocheck);
/* now convert the ip we're checking against to an int */
$check = ($a << 24) + ($b << 16) + ($c << 8) + $d;
/* if the ip is within the range, including
highest/lowest values, then it's witin the CIDR range */
if ($check >= $low && $check <= $high)
return 1;
else
return 0;
?>
This means that you should check to see if the IP
address is of the correct format each time.`
jgwright
25-Oct-2006 12:13
`Here is a modified version of the code posted by legetz81 (AT) yahoo (dot) com. It handles the shorter, and more common, notation: "189.128/11".
<?php
$ip_addr_cidr = "192.168.37.215/27";
cidr($ip_addr_cidr);
function cidr($ip_addr_cidr) {
$ip_arr = explode('/', $ip_addr_cidr);
$dotcount = substr_count($ip_arr[0], ".");
$padding = str_repeat(".0", 3 - $dotcount);
$ip_arr[0].=$padding;
$bin = '';
for($i=1;$i<=32;$i++) {
$bin .= $ip_arr[1] >= $i ? '1' : '0';
}
$ip_arr[1] = bindec($bin);
$ip = ip2long($ip_arr[0]);
$nm = ip2long($ip_arr[1]);
$nw = ($ip & $nm);
$bc = $nw | (~$nm);
echo "Number of Hosts: " . ($bc - $nw - 1) . "\n";
echo "Host Range: " . long2ip($nw + 1) . " -> " . long2ip($bc - 1) . "\n";
/*
This will produce:
Number of Hosts: 30
Host Range: 192.168.37.193 -> 192.168.37.222
*/
}
?>`
dh06 at biztechwiz dot com
24-Oct-2006 09:59
`I made one tiny change to Stephane's routine below when I had problems with spaces in an IP range. I moved the trim function before the ip2long call.
Thanks Stephane!
Dirk.
<?php
function netMatch($network, $ip) {
$network=trim($network);
$ip = trim($ip);
$d = strpos($network,"-");
if ($d===false) {
$ip_arr = explode('/', $network);
if (!preg_match("@\d*\.\d*\.\d*\.\d*@",$ip_arr[0],$matches)){
$ip_arr[0].=".0"; // Alternate form 194.1.4/24
}
$network_long = ip2long($ip_arr[0]);
$x = ip2long($ip_arr[1]);
$mask = long2ip($x) == $ip_arr[1] ? $x : (0xffffffff << (32 - $ip_arr[1]));
$ip_long = ip2long($ip);
return ($ip_long & $mask) == ($network_long & $mask);
}
else {
$from = ip2long(trim(substr($network,0,$d)));
$to = ip2long(trim(substr($network,$d+1)));
$ip = ip2long($ip);
return ($ip>=$from and $ip<=$to);
}
}
?>`
stephane at deluca dot biz
01-Oct-2006 01:40
`I propose a new function to match an IP against a network.
You can define the network in two different manner, most suited for handling data grabed from WHOIS records:
- 202.1.192.0-202.1.192.255: a range of IPs
- 200.36.161.0/24: a range of IP by using net masking
- 200.36.161/24: a shorten syntax similar to the above.
Sdl
<?php
function netMatch($network, $ip) {
$network=trim($network);
$ip = trim($ip);
$d = strpos($network,"-");
if ($d===false) {
$ip_arr = explode('/', $network);
if (!preg_match("@\d*\.\d*\.\d*\.\d*@",$ip_arr[0],$matches)){
$ip_arr[0].=".0"; // Alternate form 194.1.4/24
}
$network_long = ip2long($ip_arr[0]);
$x = ip2long($ip_arr[1]);
$mask = long2ip($x) == $ip_arr[1] ? $x : (0xffffffff << (32 - $ip_arr[1]));
$ip_long = ip2long($ip);
return ($ip_long & $mask) == ($network_long & $mask);
}
else {
$from = trim(ip2long(substr($network,0,$d)));
$to = trim(ip2long(substr($network,$d+1)));
$ip = ip2long($ip);
return ($ip>=$from and $ip<=$to);
}
}
?>`
jcheger at acytec dot com
03-Apr-2006 11:00
`This function is an enhancement of Ken's one (see above: ken at expitrans dot com / net_match).
It compares an IP address to several networks, and negative ones as well. Adapted for IP ACLs.
/**
* Compare an IP address to network(s)
*
* The network(s) argument may be a string or an array. A negative network
* match must start with a "!". Depending on the 3rd parameter, it will
* return true or false on the first match, or any negative rule will have
* absolute priority (default).
*
* Samples:
* match_network ("192.168.1.0/24", "192.168.1.1") -> true
*
* match_network (array ("192.168.1.0/24", "!192.168.1.1"), "192.168.1.1") -> false
* match_network (array ("192.168.1.0/24", "!192.168.1.1"), "192.168.1.1", true) -> true
* match_network (array ("!192.168.1.0/24", "192.168.1.1"), "192.168.1.1") -> false
* match_network (array ("!192.168.1.0/24", "192.168.1.1"), "192.168.1.1", true) -> false
*
* @param mixed Network to match
* @param string IP address
* @param bool true: first match will return / false: priority to negative rules (default)
* @see http://php.benscom.com/manual/en/function.ip2long.php#56373
*/
function match_network ($nets, $ip, $first=false) {
$return = false;
if (!is_array ($nets)) $nets = array ($nets);
foreach ($nets as $net) {
$rev = (preg_match ("/^\!/", $net)) ? true : false;
$net = preg_replace ("/^\!/", "", $net);
$ip_arr = explode('/', $net);
$net_long = ip2long($ip_arr[0]);
$x = ip2long($ip_arr[1]);
$mask = long2ip($x) == $ip_arr[1] ? $x : 0xffffffff << (32 - $ip_arr[1]);
$ip_long = ip2long($ip);
if ($rev) {
if (($ip_long & $mask) == ($net_long & $mask)) return false;
} else {
if (($ip_long & $mask) == ($net_long & $mask)) $return = true;
if ($first && $return) return true;
}
}
return $return;
}`
legetz81 (AT) yahoo (dot) com
30-Mar-2006 06:15
`Here is a script that will calculate host range and number of hosts with a given ip address CIDR notation (modified code which was posted by phl AT cyways.com):
$ip_addr_cidr = "192.168.37.215/27";
$ip_arr = explode('/', $ip_addr_cidr);
$bin = '';
for($i=1;$i<=32;$i++) {
$bin .= $ip_arr[1] >= $i ? '1' : '0';
}
$ip_arr[1] = bindec($bin);
$ip = ip2long($ip_arr[0]);
$nm = ip2long($ip_arr[1]);
$nw = ($ip & $nm);
$bc = $nw | (~$nm);
echo "Number of Hosts: " . ($bc - $nw - 1) . "\n";
echo "Host Range: " . long2ip($nw + 1) . " -> " . long2ip($bc - 1) . "\n";
This will produce:
Number of Hosts: 30
Host Range: 192.168.37.193 -> 192.168.37.222`
Polarina
10-Mar-2006 06:37
`Using the option that "paul at santasoft point com" mentioned will make IP Addresses larger than 2147483647 (Around 128.0.0.0) become 2147483647 and it wont go higher than that.
So it's not recommended to use his solution.`
novikov at harizma dot lv
21-Dec-2005 07:57
`Please not , that the results of ip2long on 64bit servers is different form 32bit.
Take a look here: http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=18816
It's a feature, that ip2long on 64bit always returned UNSIGNED result like after spitf("%u\n",ip2long());`
greg at netops dot gvtc dot com
19-Dec-2005 03:43
`Re: m.ozarek's isIpMask() function
You might want to adjust your preg_match line from:
if(preg_match("/[0-9].[0-9].[0-9].[0-9]/",$mask)){
to
if(preg_match("/[0-9]++\.[0-9]++\.[0-9]++\.[0-9]++/",$mask)){
this should properly match up to 3 characters per octet and require that the periods be periods not just any character. I tested against a handful of IPs, and it seemed to match fine, and did not allow a 7 digit number to be considered a mask to check. This is probably more useful if doing a match against a regular IP than against the subnet mask, but its always good to have more layers of checking.
*note.. not all applications support the regex + metacharacter.`
paul at santasoft point com
02-Nov-2005 07:03
`to complement daevid at daevid dot com's note (11 Nov 2004) about the catch being that PHP returns negative values....
If you define your mysql column that stores the ip address in INT format as signed (not unsigned), then it'll work just fine.
No need to do any conversion using sprintf and this way you'll keep the value and be able to use PHP's long2ip() function on the value and get an accurate result.
SO.. define your MySQL column as signed (leave the Attributes select box in phpMyAdmin blank) and you won't need to do any conversions or whatnot.`
01-Sep-2005 12:47
`# m.ozarek
#
# Check if given mask is correct. You can check the short format mask
# like 8,16,24 or long format like 255.255.255.0
#
function isIpMask($mask){
$format = '';
if(preg_match("/[0-9].[0-9].[0-9].[0-9]/",$mask)){
$format = "long";
}else{
if($mask<=30){
$format = "short";
}else{
return false;
}
}
switch($format){
case long;
$mask = decbin(ip2long($mask));
break;
case short:
$tmp = $mask;
for($i=0; $i < $mask ;$i++){
$tmp.= 1;
}
for($j=0; $j < (32 - $mask);$j++){
$tmp.= 0;
}
$mask = $tmp;
break;
}
if(strlen($mask) <= 32){
for($i=0;$i<=32 ;$i++){
$bit = substr($mask,$i,1);
if(($bit - substr($mask,$i+1,1)) < 0){
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
# EXAMPLE
# isIpMask("255.255.255.0") -> return true
# isIpMask("24") -> return true
# isIpMask("5.5.5.5") -> return false`
ken at expitrans dot com
31-Aug-2005 03:31
`Below is a merged form of all various notes, and a better (and correct) network matching function.
<?php
function net_match($network, $ip) {
// determines if a network in the form of 192.168.17.1/16 or
// 127.0.0.1/255.255.255.255 or 10.0.0.1 matches a given ip
$ip_arr = explode('/', $network);
$network_long = ip2long($ip_arr[0]);
$x = ip2long($ip_arr[1]);
$mask = long2ip($x) == $ip_arr[1] ? $x : 0xffffffff << (32 - $ip_arr[1]);
$ip_long = ip2long($ip);
// echo ">".$ip_arr[1]."> ".decbin($mask)."\n";
return ($ip_long & $mask) == ($network_long & $mask);
}
echo net_match('192.168.17.1/16', '192.168.15.1')."\n"; // returns true
echo net_match('127.0.0.1/255.255.255.255', '127.0.0.2')."\n"; // returns false
echo net_match('10.0.0.1', '10.0.0.1')."\n"; // returns true
?>`
tristram at ccteam dot ru
26-Jul-2005 06:33
`<?php
if (!function_exists("ip2long"))
{
function ip2long($ip)
{
$ip = explode(".",$ip);
if (!is_numeric(join(NULL,$ip)) or count($ip) != 4) {return false;}
else {return $ip[3]+256*$ip[2]+256*256*$ip[1]+256*256*256*$ip[0];}
}
}
?>`
cam at wecreate dot com
20-Jul-2005 09:37
`A simple function to compare two IP addresses against a netmask. Useful if you're locking down a web app with an IP address, but can't force the IPs to be exactly the same.
function ipcompare ($ip1, $ip2, $mask) {
$masked1 = ip2long($ip1) & ip2long($mask); // bitwise AND of $ip1 with the mask
$masked2 = ip2long($ip2) & ip2long($mask); // bitwise AND of $ip2 with the mask
if ($masked1 == $masked2) return true;
else return false;
}
Examples:
ipcompare("192.168.1.63","192.168.1.65","255.255.255.0") // true
ipcompare("192.168.1.63","192.168.1.65","255.255.255.192") // false`
Paragina Silviu
12-Jul-2005 08:41
`Note: ip2long and long2ip do not function as the c linux functions inet_addr and inet_ntoa. They store the long in reverse byte order (little endian vs big endian i guess).
For example you send 10.0.0.1 to inet_ntoa you take the long from the result and you pass it to long2ip you get 1.0.0.10. You won't run into this issue unless you use a database both from c linux programs and php scripts.
My first ideea was to reverse the long, but unfortunatley the long was stored as unsigned and i got a lot of problems doing calculations with it (some operations would work well others not; probably it was stored as float i do not know for sure...)
So my solution was
function str_rev_ip($str)
{
$ar=explode(".",$str);
return "$ar[3].$ar[2].$ar[1].$ar[0]";
}
and i take the result from inet_ntoa and parse it as str_rev_ip(long2ip($var))`
tomlove at gmail dot com
03-Jul-2005 04:09
`A quick and efficient way to compare two IPs with a given mask:
<?
function ipmatch ($ip1, $ip2, $mask) {
if ((ip2long($ip1) & ~(pow(2, 32-$mask)-1)) == (ip2long($ip2) & ~(pow(2, 32-$mask)-1))) return true;
else return false;
}
?>
Here's an application of it that selects the best IP given the choice of a (possibly private or invalid) forwarded address or a (possibly proxy) apparent address:
<?
$a = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
if ($a == '' || ipmatch($a, "10.0.0.0", 8) || ipmatch($a, "172.16.0.0", 12) || ipmatch($a, "192.168.0.0", 16) || ipmatch($a, "255.255.255.255", 32)) $ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
else $ip = $a;
?>
Or use it to ban people:
<?
$banned_ip = '135.23.12.3';
if (ipmatch($ip, $banned_ip, 32)) die('BANNED!');
?>
The bitwise comparison the function uses can be done in SQL to do ban matches right in your database.`
lawpoop at gmail dot com
06-Apr-2005 03:29
`Here is a function that tells you if an ip address is in a CIDR range. However, the CIDR argument can be an array of CIDRs. This was created from other matchCIDR functions in the user notes.
function matchCIDR($addr, $cidr) {
// $addr should be an ip address in the format '0.0.0.0'
// $cidr should be a string in the format '100/8'
// or an array where each element is in the above format
$output = false;
if ( is_array($cidr) ) {
foreach ( $cidr as $cidrlet ) {
if ( matchCIDR( $addr, $cidrlet) ) {
$output = true;
}
}
} else {
list($ip, $mask) = explode('/', $cidr);
$mask = 0xffffffff << (32 - $mask);
$output = ((ip2long($addr) & $mask) == (ip2long($ip) & $mask));
}
return $output;
}`
mailNO at SPAMdapuzz dot com
13-Feb-2005 11:05
`a little function to make a range in this form:
0.0.0.1/0.0.0.255 ==> 0.0.0.1/255
0.0.0.1/255.255.255.255 ==> 0.0.0.1/255.255.255.255
<?php
$primo = "62.4.32.0";
$ultimo = "62.4.63.255";
echo do_range($primo,$ultimo); //Example
function do_range($primo,$ultimo) {
list($a,$b,$c,$d)=explode(".",$primo);
list($e,$f,$g,$h)=explode(".",$ultimo);
if ($a !== $e) return "$primo/$ultimo";
else {
if ($b !== $f) return "$primo/$f.$g.$h";
else{
if ($c !== $g) return "$primo/$g.$h";
else {
if ($d !== $h) return "$primo/$h";
else return -1; //error
}
}
}
}
?>
Please write me if you have any suggestion`
frank at vista dot com
26-Jan-2005 05:43
`remixing mediator's function further:
<?php
function matchCIDR($addr, $cidr) {
�� list($ip, $mask) = explode('/', $cidr);
�� return (ip2long($addr) >> (32 - $mask) == ip2long($ip) >> (32 - mask));
}
?>`
01-Dec-2004 06:06
`I re-wrote the functions from jbothe at hotmail dot com as a little exercise in OO and added a couple of extra functions.
<?php
//--------------
// IPv4 class
class ipv4
{
var $address;
var $netbits;
//--------------
// Create new class
function ipv4($address,$netbits)
{
$this->address = $address;
$this->netbits = $netbits;
}
//--------------
// Return the IP address
function address() { return ($this->address); }
//--------------
// Return the netbits
function netbits() { return ($this->netbits); }
//--------------
// Return the netmask
function netmask()
{
return (long2ip(ip2long("255.255.255.255")
<< (32-$this->netbits)));
}
//--------------
// Return the network that the address sits in
function network()
{
return (long2ip((ip2long($this->address))
& (ip2long($this->netmask()))));
}
//--------------
// Return the broadcast that the address sits in
function broadcast()
{
return (long2ip(ip2long($this->network())
| (~(ip2long($this->netmask())))));
}
//--------------
// Return the inverse mask of the netmask
function inverse()
{
return (long2ip(~(ip2long("255.255.255.255")
<< (32-$this->netbits))));
}
}
$ip = new ipv4("192.168.2.1",24);
print "Address: $ip->address()\n";
print "Netbits: $ip->netbits()\n";
print "Netmask: $ip->netmask()\n";
print "Inverse: $ip->inverse()\n";
print "Network: $ip->network()\n";
print "Broadcast: $ip->broadcast()\n";
?>`
daevid at daevid dot com
11-Nov-2004 07:30
`This seems obvious in hindsight, but since nobody else posted it, it had me and two others scratching our heads. Thought I'd save someone else the trouble...
In mySQL, you can use the INET_ATON() function, but to save queries, you could use this function. However, the catch is that PHP returns negative values, so you have to use it like this:
$LongIP = sprintf('%u', ip2long($dotted_name));`
DivineHawk
30-Oct-2004 12:38
`For PHP5 I had to replace:
$mask_long= pow(2,32)-pow(2,(32-$ip_arr[1]));
-with-
$mask_long = 0xffffffff << (32 - $ip_arr[1]);
in dzver's IP_Match Function below.`
mediator
02-Jun-2004 03:50
`Another function for matching $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] against CIDR.
<?php
function matchCIDR($addr, $cidr) {
list($ip, $mask) = explode('/', $cidr);
$mask = 0xffffffff << (32 - $mask);
return ((ip2long($addr) & $mask) == (ip2long($ip) & $mask));
}
?>`
someone at somedomain dot something
24-Apr-2004 12:03
`For those poor little people using PHP 3, here's an ip2long:
<?php
if (!function_exists("ip2long")) {
function ip2long($ip) {
$ex = explode(".", $ip);
if (count($ex)!=4) return -1;
list($a, $b, $c, $d) = $ex;
$a = $a*16777216;
$b = $b*65536;
$c = $c*256;
return $a+$b+$c+$d;
}
}
?>`
dzver
15-Apr-2004 05:12
`Mix of rbsmith's function and pasted above url:
<?
// returns 1 if $ip is part of $network
function IP_Match($network, $ip) {
$ip_arr = explode("/",$network);
$network_long=ip2long($ip_arr[0]);
$mask_long= pow(2,32)-pow(2,(32-$ip_arr[1]));
$ip_long=ip2long($ip);
if (($ip_long & $mask_long) == $network_long) {
return 1;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
// usage
$network="200.100.50.0/23";
$ip="200.100.51.55";
$ip2="200.100.52.2";
echo IP_Match($network, $ip); //prints 1
echo IP_Match($network, $ip2); //prints 0
?>`
mkr at binarywerks dot dk
12-Mar-2004 06:25
`If you want to expand IP ranges, for instance: 111.111.111.0/24
You can get the function here - improved with more features and bug fixed:
http://binarywerks.dk/php_src/expand_CIDR.phps`
theliberal at comcast dot net
08-Feb-2004 09:51
`Doh! That's what I get for copying the wrong code.
The correct code is:
<?php
function ip2base10($ip)
{
$parts=explode(".",$ip);
$base10=($parts[0]<<24)|($parts[1]<<16)|($parts[2]<<8)|($parts[3]);
return $base10;
}
?>`
sunfire at freemail dot hu
18-Jan-2004 11:31
`The original function was writen by J.Adams <jna@retina.net> see this page. I found a mistake his code, and make it a little simpler.
function testip($range,$ip) {
.....
$maskl = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $regs[5]-1; $i++) {
$maskl += pow(2,(31-$i));
}
if (($maskl & $rangel) == ($maskl & $ipl)) {
.....
}`
jbothe at hotmail dot com
26-Nov-2003 11:01
`The following script will print out subnet statistics when you supply the IP Address and Subnet Mask. Usefull to calculate the broadcast address and network address as well as the number of hosts and the range of IP addresses in the subnet.
#!/usr/local/bin/php
<?
$ip_addr = "172.14.1.57";
$subnet_mask = "255.255.255.0";
$ip = ip2long($ip_addr);
$nm = ip2long($subnet_mask);
$nw = ($ip & $nm);
$bc = $nw | (~$nm);
echo "IP Address: " . long2ip($ip) . "\n";
echo "Subnet Mask: " . long2ip($nm) . "\n";
echo "Network Address: " . long2ip($nw) . "\n";
echo "Broadcast Address: " . long2ip($bc) . "\n";
echo "Number of Hosts: " . ($bc - $nw - 1) . "\n";
echo "Host Range: " . long2ip($nw + 1) . " -> " . long2ip($bc - 1) . "\n";
?>
Produces the output:
IP Address: 172.14.1.57
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Network Address: 172.14.1.0
Broadcast Address: 172.14.1.255
Number of Hosts: 254
Host Range: 172.14.1.1 -> 172.14.1.254`
daevid at daevid dot com
13-Oct-2003 09:23
`function CalculateIPRange($iprange)
{
// Daevid Vincent [daevid@daevid.com] 10.13.03
// This function will return an array of either a negative error code
// or all possible IP addresses in the given range.
// format is NNN.NNN.NNN.NNN - NNN.NNN.NNN.NNN (spaces are okay)
$temp = preg_split("/-/",$iprange, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
$QRange1 = $temp[0];
$QRange2 = $temp[1];
if ($QRange2 == "") return array($QRange1); //special case, they didn't put a second quad parameter
//basic error handling to see if it is generally a valid IP in the form N.N.N.N
if ( preg_match("/\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}/",$QRange1) != 1 ) return array(-1);
if ( preg_match("/\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}/",$QRange2) != 1 ) return array(-1);
$quad1 = explode(".",$QRange1);
$quad2 = explode(".",$QRange2);
reset ($quad1);
while (list ($key, $val) = each ($quad1))
{
$quad1[$key] = intval($val);
if ($quad1[$key] < 0 || $quad1[$key] > 255) return array(-2);
}
reset ($quad2);
while (list ($key, $val) = each ($quad2))
{
$quad2[$key] = intval($val);
if ($quad2[$key] < 0 || $quad2[$key] > 255) return array(-2);
}
$startIP_long = sprintf("%u",ip2long($QRange1));
$endIP_long = sprintf("%u",ip2long($QRange2));
$difference = $endIP_long - $startIP_long;
//echo "startIP_long = ".$startIP_long." and endIP_long = ".$endIP_long." difference = ".$difference."<BR>";
$ip = array();
$k = 0;
for ($i = $startIP_long; $i <= $endIP_long; $i++)
{
$temp = long2ip($i);
//this is a total hack. there must be a better way.
$thisQuad = explode(".",$temp);
if ($thisQuad[3] > 0 && $thisQuad[3] < 255)
$ip[$k++] = $temp;
}
return $ip;
} //CalculateIPRange()`
anderson at piq dot com dot br
06-Aug-2003 10:02
`If you want to get the interface of an IP, based on the local route table, use this.
function GetIfaceforIP($user_ip)
{
$route = "/bin/netstat -rn";
exec($route, $aoutput);
foreach($aoutput as $key => $line)
{
if($key > 1)
{
$line = ereg_replace("[[:space:]]+",",",$line);
list($network, $gateway, $mask, $flags, $mss, $window, $irtt, $iface) = explode(",", $line)
if((ip2long($user_ip) & ip2long($mask)) == ip2long($network))
{
return $iface;
}
}
}
}`
rbsmith
01-Jun-2003 06:29
`Yet another word on IP_Match here is the complete functions
as described by php-net at dreams4net dot com on 08-Aug-2002 09:31
# determine if an IP address is within
# a particular network with mask
function IP_Match($network, $mask, $ip) {
$ip_long=ip2long($ip);
$network_long=ip2long($network);
$mask_long=ip2long($mask);
if (($ip_long & $mask_long) == $network_long) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
Thank you, it is simple, fast, and best of all works!`
phl AT cyways.com
22-Oct-2001 04:36
`Here's a function I whipped up today to deduce some important network information given a hostname (or its IP address) and its subnet mask:
function find_net($host,$mask) {
### Function to determine network characteristics
### $host = IP address or hostname of target host (string)
### $mask = Subnet mask of host in dotted decimal (string)
### returns array with
### "cidr" => host and mask in CIDR notation
### "network" => network address
### "broadcast" => broadcast address
###
### Example: find_net("192.168.37.215","255.255.255.224")
### returns:
### "cidr" => 192.168.37.215/27
### "network" => 192.168.37.192
### "broadcast" => 192.168.37.223
###
$bits=strpos(decbin(ip2long($mask)),"0");
$net["cidr"]=gethostbyname($host)."/".$bits;
$net["network"]=long2ip(bindec(decbin(ip2long(gethostbyname($host))) & decbin(ip2long($mask))));
$binhost=str_pad(decbin(ip2long(gethostbyname($host))),32,"0",STR_PAD_LEFT);
$binmask=str_pad(decbin(ip2long($mask)),32,"0",STR_PAD_LEFT);
for ($i=0; $i<32; $i++) {
if (substr($binhost,$i,1)=="1" || substr($binmask,$i,1)=="0") {
$broadcast.="1";
} else {
$broadcast.="0";
}
}
$net["broadcast"]=long2ip(bindec($broadcast));
return $net;
}`
jna at retina dot net
10-Nov-2000 05:54
`One thing PHP lacks is a way to compare two IP addresses, which I thought might be under this function, but isn't. Here goes:
function testip($range,$ip) {
$result = 1;
# IP Pattern Matcher
# J.Adams <jna@retina.net>
#
# Matches:
#
# xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (exact)
# xxx.xxx.xxx.[yyy-zzz] (range)
# xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/nn (nn = # bits, cisco style -- i.e. /24 = class C)
#
# Does not match:
# xxx.xxx.xxx.xx[yyy-zzz] (range, partial octets not supported)
if (ereg("([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)",$range,$regs)) {
# perform a mask match
$ipl = ip2long($ip);
$rangel = ip2long($regs[1] . "." . $regs[2] . "." . $regs[3] . "." . $regs[4]);
$maskl = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i< 31; $i++) {
if ($i < $regs[5]-1) {
$maskl = $maskl + pow(2,(30-$i));
}
}
if (($maskl & $rangel) == ($maskl & $ipl)) {
return 1;
} else {
return 0;
}
} else {
# range based
$maskocts = split("\.",$range);
$ipocts = split("\.",$ip);
# perform a range match
for ($i=0; $i<4; $i++) {
if (ereg("\[([0-9]+)\-([0-9]+)\]",$maskocts[$i],$regs)) {
if ( ($ipocts[$i] > $regs[2]) || ($ipocts[$i] < $regs[1])) {
$result = 0;
}
}
else
{
if ($maskocts[$i] <> $ipocts[$i]) {
$result = 0;
}
}
}
}
return $result;
}`
add a note
long2ip inet_pton

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