PHP: SNMP Functions - Manual

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Last updated: Fri, 26 Jan 2007

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# CXLIX. SNMP Functions

# Введение

# Требования

In order to use the SNMP functions on Unix you need to install the NET-SNMP package. On Windows these functions are only available on NT and not on Win95/98.

# Установка

Important: In order to use the UCD SNMP package, you need to define `NO_ZEROLENGTH_COMMUNITY` to `1` before compiling it. After configuring UCD SNMP, edit `config.h` or `acconfig.h` and search for `NO_ZEROLENGTH_COMMUNITY`. Uncomment the #define line. It should look like this afterwards:

    #define NO_ZEROLENGTH_COMMUNITY 1

Now compile PHP `--with-snmp[=DIR]`.

If you see strange segmentation faults in combination with SNMP commands, you did not follow the above instructions. If you do not want to recompile UCD SNMP, you can compile PHP with the `--enable-ucd-snmp-hack` switch which will work around the misfeature.

The Windows distribution contains support files for SNMP in the `mibs` directory. This directory should be moved to `DRIVE:\usr\mibs`, where DRIVE must be replaced with the driveletter where PHP is installed on, e.g.`c:\usr\mibs`.

# Настройка во время выполнения

Данное расширение не определяет никакие директивы конфигурации в `php.ini`.

# Типы ресурсов

# Предопределенные константы

Перечисленные ниже константы определены данным расширением и могут быть доступны только в том случае, если PHP был собран с поддержкой этого расширения или же в том случае, если данное расширение подгружается во время выполнения.

`SNMP_OID_OUTPUT_FULL` (integer)

  As of 5.2.0

`SNMP_OID_OUTPUT_NUMERIC` (integer)

  As of 5.2.0

`SNMP_VALUE_LIBRARY` (integer)

`SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN` (integer)

`SNMP_VALUE_OBJECT` (integer)

`SNMP_BIT_STR` (integer)

`SNMP_OCTET_STR` (integer)

`SNMP_OPAQUE` (integer)

`SNMP_NULL` (integer)

`SNMP_OBJECT_ID` (integer)

`SNMP_IPADDRESS` (integer)

`SNMP_COUNTER` (integer)

`SNMP_UNSIGNED` (integer)

`SNMP_TIMETICKS` (integer)

`SNMP_UINTEGER` (integer)

`SNMP_INTEGER` (integer)

`SNMP_COUNTER64` (integer)

add a note User Contributed Notes
SNMP Functions
cesarmata2000 at cantv dot net
19-Dec-2006 07:59
`With that, i can show the mac of my machine, sorry de english...
<?php
//Bug #36196 SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN
snmp_set_valueretrieval(0);
$mac = snmpget("192.168.0.1",'public',".1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6.x");
snmp_set_valueretrieval(1);
$mac = str_replace('""',"&nbsp;",$mac);
$mac = str_replace('Hex: ',"",$mac);
$mac = str_replace(' ',":",trim($mac));
print $mac;
?>
P.D.: the .x of the OID, is de index of de Interfaz...
Viva Venezuela y el Software Libre.... =CMM=`
1413 at blargh dot com
10-Nov-2005 01:29
`For my purposes in PHP coding, I have the following SNMP options set, always. These aren't documented very well in PHP's docs, but they make dealing with the SNMP results a LOT easier:
<?php
// Return back the numeric OIDs, instead of text strings.
snmp_set_oid_numeric_print(1);
// Get just the values.
snmp_set_quick_print(TRUE);
// For sequence types, return just the numbers, not the string and numbers.
snmp_set_enum_print(TRUE);
// Don't let the SNMP library get cute with value interpretation. This makes
// MAC addresses return the 6 binary bytes, timeticks to return just the integer
// value, and some other things.
snmp_set_valueretrieval(SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN);
?>`
Tim
02-Nov-2005 09:42
`I had a problem getting mib errors on my php5 and IIS install. Ended up adding an environmental variable to the Win2k box and that fixed it. Had to add MIBDIRS=C:\PHP\extras\mibs
After I added this and booted the server I was no longer getting the errors.`
ch at westend dot com
20-Oct-2005 12:57
`For some devices one needs a string index, i.e.
activeSessions.activeSession-inputOctets."ABC"
On commandline this is possible with the "-Ir" flag. PHP does not
seem to like it regardless of the quoting. Converting the string index to a numeric OID is quite simple though, it becomes:
activeSessions.activeSession-inputOctets.3.41.42.43
function getNumericStringIndex($string_idx) {
$string_idx = substr($string_idx, 1, strlen($string_idx)-2);
$ret = strlen($string_idx);
for ($i=0; $i<strlen($string_idx); $i++)
$ret .= '.'.ord($string_idx[$i]);
return $ret;
}`
Jeroen Simonetti
13-Jun-2005 04:16
`The listed functions here use snmp version 1. If you wish to use version 2c or 3, use the following functions:
snmp v2c functions:
snmp2_get (string host, string community, string object_id [, int timeout [, int retries]])
snmp2_getnext (string host, string community, string object_id [, int timeout [, int retries]])
snmp2_walk (string host, string community, string object_id [, int timeout [, int retries]])
snmp2_real_walk (string host, string community, string object_id [, int timeout [, int retries]])
snmp2_set (string host, string community, string object_id, string type, mixed value [, int timeout [, int retries]])
snmp v3 functions:
snmp3_get (string host, string sec_name, string sec_level, string auth_protocol, string auth_passphrase, string priv_pr)
snmp3_getnext (string host, string sec_name, string sec_level, string auth_protocol, string auth_passphrase, string pri)
snmp3_walk (string host, string sec_name, string sec_level, string auth_protocol, string auth_passphrase, string priv_p)
snmp3_real_walk (string host, string sec_name, string sec_level, string auth_protocol, string auth_passphrase, string p)
snmp3_set (string host, string sec_name, string sec_level, string auth_protocol, string auth_passphrase, string priv_pr)`
http://mike.eire.ca
29-Mar-2005 12:42
`It seems obvious enough in retrospect, but it doesn't say it anywhere in the (rather poor) SNMP functions documentation.
You can use a non-standard port number in the hostname string.
<?php
$data=snmprealwalk('localhost:261','public',null);
?>`
tom at tom420 dot cjb dot net
02-Sep-2004 12:52
`As of Net-SNMP 5.1.2 the file config.h is now called acconfig.h. This is where you will find and uncomment the line
#define NO_ZEROLENGTH_COMMUNITY 1
as described in the manual above.
I've been looking for the file for about 20 minutes before I located it by the new name.`
amit_gupta at users dot sourceforge dot net
16-Jul-2004 06:01
`I was struggling to compile PHP 4.3.8/PHP-5 with net-snmp-5.1 RPMS . It was continously showing errors during make. Later I first complied and installed net-snmp-5.1 on fedora system. With this compiled Net-snmp , I could install PHP 4.3.8/php5 successfully. So if you are also getting error during make command during installation of PHP, first compile net-snmp instaead of using its RPM.
Amit Gupta`
peterd at nospam telephonetics co uk
15-Jun-2004 12:37
`I've found that when using SNMP on Windows (2000 Pro) the drive the mib files have to be located on actually depends on where you subsequently call PHP from.
For example:
(Assume PHP is installed in c:\\php and the mibs are installed in c:\\usr\\mibs and you have a script c:\\test.php)
Open a command prompt at c:\\
Calling c:\\php\\cli\\php.exe c:\\test.php will work fine.
Change directory to d:\\
Execute c:\\php\\cli\\php.exe c:\\test.php will now cause an error about not finding mib files.
If you now copy the mibs to d:\\usr\\mibs and run the above command again, it will now work fine.
Effectively the drive the mibs has to be on is the same as the drive of the current working directory when you call PHP.
This isn't very useful at all, so after some digging around there seems to be an environment variable (MIBDIRS) you can set specifying where the MIBs are to be found.
After setting MIBDIRS=c:\\php\\mibs in the environment and placing the mibs there, everything seemed to work fine.
Note: If you need SNMP whilst using apache you may have to use the PassEnv command with MIBDIRS in your apache config, I haven't tried this yet.`
Sean Boulter
08-Jun-2004 06:01
`In addition to working on NT as the documentation says, SNMP works on XP if you have the snmp extensions enabled in the ph.ini file, point the ini file to the correct extensions folder, and copy the mibs from the full install package to c:\usr\mibs.`
mcotner at mcotner dot com
24-Feb-2004 10:37
`Hi all,
I had a need for mass polling of many devices and bulkgets were very desirable. It turns out the change was simpler than I thought.
One word of warning, however. The version is set in such a way that if I were to keep the changes to a minimum all operations that weren't v3 needed to be set to v2c. This isn't a problem for us because we have no v1 specific devices. If you're polling any v1 ONLY agents then you will have issues with this patch.
Here's the patch. I hope this helps.
Just save it to /tmp/patch
cd ext/snmp/
patch snmp.c /tmp/patch
'njoy,
Mark
--- snmp.c 2003-08-07 12:44:11.000000000 -0400
+++ /tmp/snmp.c 2004-02-24 22:03:22.000000000 -0500
@@ -405,7 +405,11 @@
RETURN_FALSE;
}
} else if (st >= 2) {
- pdu = snmp_pdu_create(SNMP_MSG_GETNEXT);
+ int reps = 20, non_reps = 0;
+
+ pdu = snmp_pdu_create(SNMP_MSG_GETBULK);
+ pdu->non_repeaters = non_reps;
+ pdu->max_repetitions = reps; /* fill the packet */
snmp_add_null_var(pdu, name, name_length);
}
@@ -471,7 +475,7 @@
goto retry;
}
} else if (st >= 2) {
- if ((pdu = snmp_fix_pdu(response, SNMP_MSG_GETNEXT)) != NULL) {
+ if ((pdu = snmp_fix_pdu(response, SNMP_MSG_GETBULK)) != NULL) {
goto retry;
}
}
@@ -579,7 +583,7 @@
session.peername = hostname;
session.remote_port = remote_port;
- session.version = SNMP_VERSION_1;
+ session.version = SNMP_VERSION_2c;
/*
* FIXME: potential memory leak
* This is a workaround for an "artifact" (Mike Slifcak)`
thug at wolf359 dot cjb dot net
22-Apr-2002 12:06
`Just a quick note on PHP SNMP instalation on Windows machines (IIS 5.x / Win2k SP2 etc...)
I had installed PHP into C:\PHP.. (standard stuff eh?)
Whilst I had followed the instructions for the installation of SNMP (put php_snmp.dll in extension_dir, uncomment entry in php.ini and all mib files located on the same drive where php was installed (in this case c:\usr\mibs right?) I still ran into trouble like "Cannot find module (IP-MIB): At line 0 in (none)..." appearing on the bottom of every php that page I was viewing which existed on a drive other than C:\ drive...
It seams that the mibs dir (and content thereof) have to be located on every volume where a php file will be executed from.
For example :-
If you have a php file as "C:\INETPUB\WWWROOT\snmp1.php" then the coresponding "C:\USR\MIBS\*.*" has to be present (as mentioned in the install.txt).
Now here comes the catch...
If you have a "D:\INETPUB\PHPROOT\snmp1.php" file, then a copy of the mib files have to be in "D:\USR\MIBS\*.*" as well (the same mib files that are on the C:\ drive and same basic location <drive>:\USR\MIBS).
(Or in short : Copy the C:\USR dir (inc mibs dir) to *every* drive you intend to have .php files accessed from. Done!)
Hope this helps other PHParians.
Keep up the *Great* work!!!`
add a note
snmp_get_quick_print simplexml_load_string

Last updated: Fri, 26 Jan 2007
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